Business as usual - international promotion of PPPs in North Africa

Authors: 
David Hall
Date: 
May 2012

For many years before 2011, international institutions - including the IMF, the World Bank (and its private finance arm, the IFC), the European Union, and especially the European Investment Bank (EIB), and the OECD -  encouraged privatisation and the development of PPPs under the dictatorships in north Africa. Since the uprisings in 2011 the USA, EU and IFIs  have been offerring large amounts of aid and loans which still include conditionalities and objectives of creating PPPs.